**环境为VMware虚拟机上的Centos7系统**1.列出当前系统磁盘信息，可看到/dev/sdb可用
[root@xls ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00000a46
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
2.使用fdisk进行分区
[root@xls ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): p #打印分区，查看当前分区状态
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x62cab278
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n #开始分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p #选择主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 #分区号1
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): #回车选择默认值
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): #回车选择默认分区大小
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set3.修改分区类型，8e为LVM分区类型
Command (m for help): p #打印分区，查看当前分区状态
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x62cab278
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 20971519 10484736 83 Linux
Command (m for help): Command (m for help): t #更改分区类型
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e #lvm分区类型
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p #打印分区，可看到类型修改为8e，linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x62cab278
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 20971519 10484736 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w #保存分区4.开始创建pv
[root@xls ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.5.查看pv信息
[root@xls ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name cl
PV Size 19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4863
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 4863
PV UUID yunbOn-2uCl-9Xtr-wWV0-3jkn-fUoz-xpw6Ap
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 10.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID k8y4on-IAJP-URy6-l3eu-xmUH-D3Ov-OI3yfb6.创建VG，xls_vg为vg的名称
[root@xls ~]# vgcreate xls_vg /dev/sdb1
Volume group "xls_vg" successfully created7.查看VG信息
[root@xls ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name xls_vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 10.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2559
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 2559 / 10.00 GiB
VG UUID NczNSi-vCaA-pe9L-Q857-GDig-ME0f-zzxRiB8.创建lv，并分配空间，这里是将10个G全部分出去了，xls_lv为lv的名称
[root@xls ~]# lvcreate -L 10000M -n xls_lv xls_vg
Logical volume "xls_lv" created.9.查看lv的信息
[root@xls ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv
LV Name xls_lv
VG Name xls_vg
LV UUID fXQxBc-UYQi-4T6y-gkmE-e9FC-ACy3-YfATDN
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time xls, 2020-04-01 22:55:12 -0400
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 9.77 GiB
Current LE 2500
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:210.格式化文件系统
[root@xls ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv 11.挂载磁盘
[root@xls ~]# mount /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv /data/
[root@xls ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root 17G 1020M 16G 6% /
devtmpfs 478M 0 478M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.7M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/xls_vg-xls_lv 9.5G 37M 9.0G 1% /data12.设置挂载重启后不失效
[root@xls ~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/xls_vg-xls_lv /data ext4 defaults 0 013.开始扩容lvm，在虚拟机中新增一块5G的硬盘，使用echo读取出新增的硬盘
[root@xls ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
[root@xls ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes14.对新加的硬盘进行分区，分区操作同上
[root@xls ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x8dd3be7d.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759):
Using default value 10485759
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x8dd3be7d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 10485759 5241856 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w15.将新加的硬盘/dev/sdc1创建为pv
[root@xls ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.16.查看pv
[root@xls ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb1 VG xls_vg lvm2 [10.00 GiB / 236.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG cl lvm2 [19.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdc1 lvm2 [5.00 GiB]
Total: 3 [33.99 GiB] / in use: 2 [28.99 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [5.00 GiB]17.将/dec/sdc1加入到vg:xls_vg中
[root@xls ~]# vgextend xls_vg /dev/sdc1
Volume group "xls_vg" successfully extended
[root@xls ~]# vgdisplay #可以看到vg空间从原10g增加到了15g
--- Volume group ---
VG Name xls_vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 14.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 3838
Alloc PE / Size 2500 / 9.77 GiB
Free PE / Size 1338 / 5.23 GiB
VG UUID NczNSi-vCaA-pe9L-Q857-GDig-ME0f-zzxRiB18.给lv扩容，这里将vg中所有空闲的空间全部扩入lv
[root@xls ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv
Size of logical volume xls_vg/xls_lv changed from 9.77 GiB (2500 extents) to 14.99 GiB (3838
extents).
Logical volume xls_vg/xls_lv successfully resized.19.查看lv信息，空间已扩大到15g
[root@xls ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv
LV Name xls_lv
VG Name xls_vg
LV UUID fXQxBc-UYQi-4T6y-gkmE-e9FC-ACy3-YfATDN
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time xls, 2020-04-01 22:55:12 -0400
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 14.99 GiB
Current LE 3838
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:220.使扩容的空间写入文件系统，如果文件系统格式是xfs则用xfs_growfs命令
[root@xls ~]# resize2fs /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv is mounted on /data; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2
The filesystem on /dev/xls_vg/xls_lv is now 3930112 blocks long.21.查看磁盘扩容后的信息
[root@xls ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root 17G 1021M 16G 6% /
devtmpfs 478M 0 478M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.8M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 139M 876M 14% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/xls_vg-xls_lv 15G 41M 14G 1% /data