1.从镜像库搜索mysql镜像

docker search mysql

2.获取5.6版本镜像

docker pull mysql:5.6

3.创建mysql目录用来放置相关文件

mkdir -p ~/mysql/data ~/mysql/logs ~/mysql/conf

4.创建容器

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mymysql -v ~/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v  ~/mysql/logs:/logs -v  
~/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.6
#-p参数：讲宿主机3306端口映射到容器的3306端口
#-v参数：将之前创建的mysql目录挂载到容器对应的目录
#-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：初始化 root 用户的密码
#--name参数:给容器命名

5.查看已创建好的容器

[root@idc ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                             COMMAND                  CREATED             
STATUS                   PORTS                          NAMES
2864479fcf21        mysql:5.6                         "docker-entrypoint..."   59 minutes ago      Up 
59 minutes            0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp         mymysql

6.进入容器

[root@idc ~]# docker exec -it 2864479fcf21 /bin/bash

7.登陆mysql数据库

root@2864479fcf21:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>